Manufacture of carpenters  squares



2 Sheets-S heet 1.

(No Model.) I

Y H. K. JONES.

MANUFACTURE OF GARPBNTERS' ISQUARES.

No. 436,759. Patented Sept. 16, 1890.

2 SheetsSheet 2.

(No Model.)

H. K. JONES. MANUFACTURE OF CARPENTERS SQUARES.

Patented Sept. 16,. 1890.

. UNITED STATES PATENT QFFICE.

HORACE K. JONES, OF HARTFORD, ASSIGN OR TO RUSSELL 8c ERWIN MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF NEW BRITAIN, CONNECTICUT.

MANUFACTURE OF CARPENTERS SQUARES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 436,759, datedSeptember 16, 1890.

Application filed March 2, 1883- Serial lfIo. 86,840. (No model.)

To all whom/it may concern:

Be it known that I, HORACE K. J ONES, of Hartford, in the county ofHartford and State of Connecticut, have invented a certain new anduseful Improvement in Rolls Employed in the Manufacture of CarpentersSquares, whereof the following is a specification, reference being hadto the accompanying drawings, wherein-- Figures 1 and 2 respectivelyillustrate in front View and in side view, partially sectional, a set ofrolls embodying my invention. Figs. 3 and 4, Sheet 2, are diagramsillustrating the cam-shaped character of the bottom roll requisite forproducing straight inclines, as in rolling my blanlebars, and they alsoindicate the difference between the operation of an eccentrio roll and acam-shaped roll.

In the manufacture of carpenters squares as at present practiced themanufacturer of the steel puts his stock through different sets ofrolls, usually three in number, until it is finally of a uniform widthand thickness, the cross-section thereof being rectangular. In thiscondition the stock is shipped from the steel manufacturer to the squaremanufacturer, who cuts the long bars int-o blanks of suitable length,then heats them and passes them through a set of rolls, which lengthensthe blanks and tapers them from one end to the other so far as thicknessis concerned,but does not materially affect them widthwise.

The present improvement, concisely stated, consists in rolls of peculiarform for the man ufacture of carpenters squares by rolling the long barinto a series of connected tapers by means of said rolls,which areformed as more particularly hereinafter described, and then separatingthe series, the result being a very considerable saving in the cost ofthe square. As the manufacturer of the steel can about as readilyproduce the bars in this form of a series of connected tapers as in theold form, and whether the work be done by the steel manufacturer orbythe maker of the squares, it is more economical to treat the bar at oncethan it is to treat each bar separately under the rolls, and there isthe additional advantage that in the case of rolling the bar intotapered blanks each taper is more perfect than in the case where eachblank is separately op erated upon. In Fig. l I illustrate a pair of myrolls. The upper roll is regular or concentric in shape. The lower rollis cam'shaped. The stock before passing through these rolls is ofsubstantially uniform Width and thickness. After passing through therolls it is in a series of connected tapers, as illustrated in Fig. 2.The dotted lines show how the tapers are to be separated subsequentlyinto blanks. (It may as well be explained here that a carpenters squareis composed of two blanks Welded together at the angle of the square,each of which blanks is separately tapered in the manner referred toherein.) 7

In the accompanying drawings, the letter a denotes the frame of theroll-press as a whole; I), the driving-shaft bearing the gear-wheel c inmesh with the gear-wheel d, fast to the shaft of the other roll; e andfirolls borne in bearings in the frame with the ordinary means g,consisting of sliding bearings and screwshaft, by means of ,which thedistance be tween the faces of the rolls is determined. Broadly stated,these parts are old and of ordinary construction; but one of the rolls fis cam-shaped, the space between the rolls constituting acontinuously-open pass for the reception of the metal bar from which theblank bar is to be developed, so that as the rolls are rotated thedistance between the faces of the rolls 6 and f increases and decreasesin a degree dependent upon the peculiar outline of the roll f.

The letter h denotes a bar of metal, as iron,

which, having been broken down and formed to the desired outline in theordinary rolls, is then passed between myimproved rolls,which form anirregular-shaped piece h, which may be termed a series of blanks 712,which blanks are formed bycutting the connected series on the linesindicated by the dot-ted lines as in Fig. 2 of the drawings.

My improved rolls may be made a part of a gang of rolls and coupled tothe series, so as to be driven with it, and the single heating of thebar utilized and the series of blanks rolled without reheating.

It will be seen that each blank 72. is inclined in a straight line frombutt to tip, and that in the blank-bar the blanks are butt to butt andtip to tip. This inclination in each blank is essential in themanufacture of carpenters squares, and said inclination can only beproduced by a cam-shaped roll, substantially as laid out in the diagram,Fig. 3, on the line i, and varying therefrom only in the size of theroll and in the degree of inclination required on one surface of theblank. The line 70 of Fig. 3 indicates one-half of the circular path ofthat part of the roll which is farthest from its axis, said pathcorresponding with the surface of the upper roll and also with thebaseline 70' of Fig. 4. The line 2" in this Fig. 4 corresponds with theline 'i of Fig. 3. The dotted lines of Figs. 3 and 4:- indicate,respectively, one-half of an eccentric roll, and the contour of a blankwhich would result from the use of such a roll, such ablank beingabsolutelyunfit for the manufacture of carpenterssquares, because of theswell or bulge at l in Fig. 4:,Whi0h would cause a square to swivel orturn when laid flatly on wood or stone, and employed in scribing andlaying off work in a manner common to the use of squares.

I claim as my improvement 1. The combination, substantially ashereinbefore described, of the concentric roll and the roll f, having,essentially, the variable contour and dimensions described, which affordbetween it and said concentric roll a pass for shaping a connectedseries of blanks for carpenters squares, and means for driving saidrolls.

2. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore described, of aconcentric roll and a cam-shaped roll geared together and aifordingbetween them a continuously-open pass, which during each completerevolution of said rolls is gradually decreased in vertical dimensions,and will develop a bar of metal into a blank-bar composed of a connectedseries of gradually inclined blanks for carpenters squares, said blanksbeing butt to butt and tip to tip, as described.

. HORACE K. JONES. Witnesses:

CHAS. L. BURDETT, WM. H. MARSH.

